Aging health Archives - Page 4 of 12 - Better Health While Aging

Providing Elder Care: Covering the Cost of Home Care, Assisted Living & Other Options

One of the most common questions I get asked is “How can I get care for my aging parent and how much will it cost?”

The answer generally depends on these factors:

What kind of elder care does the older person need or want?
What are the available options for providing the needed elder care?
How much do the different options cost?
What are the options for paying for the desired type of elder care?

These are important questions to consider. If your aging parent seems to need help, it’s imperative to find out what are your options for providing the needed support. And finances do often determine how a family proceeds with arranging elder care.

And even if your aging parent doesn’t need help now, they very well might in the future. So it’s also reasonable to plan ahead, and consider how elder care might be provided, if/when it becomes needed in the future.

Now, the truth is that most older adults don’t need much assistance from others. But research shows about 70% of older adults do end up needing some form of “senior care,” for a time ranging from a few months to several years.

So in this article, I’ll share the key things to know, about options for elder care and how to pay for it. Specifically, I’ll cover: [Read more…]

Is Your Aging Parent OK?
What to check & how to talk about it

by Leslie Kernisan, MD MPH

Have you been getting worried about your aging parent, or wondering if they are ok continuing to live as they are?

Maybe they’ve been mostly okay but now you’re spotting some problems with memory, such as forgetfulness or asking the same questions repeatedly. Or maybe you’ve noticed trouble with driving, keeping up the house, managing stairs, or paying bills.

Some aging parents simply begin to seem more withdrawn. Others start leveling accusations at others, claiming someone took or moved something, or acting paranoid.

When families notice these types of changes, it’s often really hard to know what to do next. How do you know if they really need help or not, and what kind of help to get? And what do you do if they refuse to discuss it, or get mad when you bring it up?

Since this is such a common dilemma for families, I’ve recorded a video, explaining exactly what you can do, if you’ve noticed some worrisome changes in your parent and are trying to figure out what to do next. Here’s how to know if your aging parent needs help, and how to talk to them about your concerns.

This video covers:

[Read more…]

9 Great Gift Ideas for Older Adults & Family Caregivers

by Leslie Kernisan, MD MPH

It’s getting to be that time of the year: the season when many of us start looking for a thoughtful gift to give to an older loved one.

I’ll be honest: I’m not much of a shopper and it’s not my style to give physical gifts just for the sake of doing so.

But I do think it can be wonderful to give something that brightens a person’s day.

And it’s even better when a gift is practical, useful, or otherwise helps an older person make the best out of life.

In this article, I’ll share my list of eight gifts that can help older adults cope with common late-life challenges.

Four are for older adults in general, and then four are especially useful for those living with Alzheimer’s or a related dementia.

Four great gift ideas for older adults:

[Read more…]

6 Ways that Memory & Thinking Change with Normal Aging (& What to Do About This)

by Leslie Kernisan, MD MPH

It’s annoying but unfortunately true: most parts of the body work less well as one gets older and older.

This is even true of the brain, which is part of why it becomes more common to experience a “tip of the tongue” moment as one gets older.

Such age-related changes in how the brain manages memory, thinking, and other mental processes are called “cognitive aging.”

Understanding how aging changes cognitive function is important. It can help you understand what to anticipate when it comes to your own aging. It can also help families better understand the changes they’re noticing in an older person, and whether those are out of the ordinary or not.

Since I’ve often written about changes in thinking that are abnormal and concerning in older adults, I thought it might be helpful for me to write an article outlining what is normal and to be expected.

Specifically, I’ll cover:

How cognitive aging differs from other diseases and conditions that affect memory and thinking
6 ways that memory and thinking change with aging
The difference between crystallized and fluid intelligence
How to tell cognitive aging apart from more worrisome changes, such as mild cognitive impairment and signs of Alzheimer’s and related dementia
Practical takeaways and what you can do

[Read more…]

Vitamin D: What to Know
(& Why to Be Careful About High Doses)

by Leslie Kernisan, MD MPH

Confused by all the back and forth in the media about vitamin D?

That’s understandable. Once touted as the thing to take for health and well-being, vitamin D has actually not been meeting expectations in randomized trials. It’s even been demoted in some expert recommendations.

That said, there is still a pretty easy and straightforward approach that most older adults can take.

In this post, I’ll explain what I recommend to most of my older patients, and why it’s important to be careful about taking higher doses of vitamin D3.

I’ll also address the following vitamin D frequently asked questions:

How much vitamin D to take every day?
What does vitamin D do?
What to know about the symptoms of vitamin D deficiency
The benefits and side effects of vitamin D
Which type of Vitamin D should I take?
Do I need to have my vitamin D blood level checked?
What should one’s vitamin D level be?
Will vitamin D really prevent falls or fractures?
Will vitamin D prevent dementia, cancer, and/or premature death?
I am outside a lot. Do I need a vitamin D supplement?
I heard that a higher level of vitamin D is better for you. How much is too much?

You can also learn more about the surprising risks of too much vitamin D in aging in this video:

Now, when I first wrote this article in 2015, vitamin D supplementation for older adults was recommended by experts — to help reduce the risk of falls and fractures, among other things — although most geriatrics experts did not think the high doses (e.g. 2000 IU daily or more) that many people take are indicated.

(For years now, many people have had unrealistic expectations of what vitamin D can do for them. Sometimes this is because they think it will improve their health. In other cases, it seems to be because their doctors never got around to reducing a higher dose which should’ve only been used for a limited time period. Either way, it’s concerning because taking high doses of vitamin D has been linked to problems, as I explain below.)

Today, experts in geriatrics are reassessing what to recommend for vitamin D supplementation.

This reassessment is in large part driven by the publication of a large randomized trial of vitamin D supplementation in older adults, the VITAL study, plus a few other research studies that have suggested that higher doses of vitamin D supplementation are associated with more falls and hospitalizations.

[Read more…]

Anemia in the Older Adult:
10 Common Causes & What to Ask

by Leslie Kernisan, MD MPH

Have you ever been told that you have anemia, or wondered about anemia symptoms?

Or perhaps you noticed the red blood cell count flagged as “low” in the bloodwork report? Or noticed “low hemoglobin” in a doctor’s report?

Anemia means having a red blood cell count that is lower than normal, and it’s very common in older adults. About 10% of independently living people over age 65 have anemia. And anemia becomes even more common as people get older.

But many older adults and families hardly understand anemia.

This isn’t surprising: anemia is associated with a dizzying array of underlying health conditions, and can represent anything from a life-threatening emergency to a mild chronic problem that barely makes the primary care doctor blink.

Still, it worries me that older adults and families don’t know more about anemia. If you or your relative has this condition, it’s important to understand what’s going on and what the follow-up plan is. (I’ve so often discovered that a patient didn’t know he or she had had anemia!) Misunderstanding anemia can also lead to unnecessary worrying, or perhaps even inappropriate treatment with iron supplements.

Featured Download: What to Ask Your Health Providers About Anemia. Use this free PDF to make sure you ask key questions about your anemia condition, including what’s been done to diagnose the cause, and what the plan is for treatment. Click here to download.

And since anemia is often caused by some other problem in the body, not understanding anemia often means that people don’t understand something else that is important regarding their health.

Fortunately, you don’t have to be a doctor to have a decent understanding of the basics of anemia.

This post will help you understand:

How anemia is detected and diagnosed in aging adults.
Symptoms of anemia.
The most common causes of anemia, and tests often used to check for them.
What to ask the doctor.
How to get better follow-up, if you or your relative is diagnosed with anemia.

You can also watch my video covering Anemia in Aging: Symptoms and Solutions:

[Read more…]

How We Diagnose Dementia: The Practical Basics to Know

by Leslie Kernisan, MD MPH

“Doctor, do you diagnose dementia? Because I need someone who can diagnose dementia.”

A man asked me this question recently. He explained that his 86 year-old father, who lived in the Bay Area, had recently been widowed. Since then the father had sold his long-time home rather quickly, and was hardly returning his son’s calls.

The son wanted to know if I could make a housecall. Specifically, he wanted to know if his father has dementia, such as Alzheimer’s disease.

This is a reasonable concern to have, given the circumstances.

However, it’s not very likely that I — or any clinician — will be able to definitely diagnose dementia based a single in-person visit.

But I get this kind of request fairly frequently. So in this post I want to share what I often find myself explaining to families: the basics of clinical dementia diagnosis, what kind of information I’ll need to obtain, and how long the process can take.

Now, note that this post is not about the comprehensive approach used in multi-disciplinary memory clinics. Those clinics have extra time and staff, and are designed to provide an extra-detailed evaluation. This is especially useful for unusual cases, such as cognitive problems in people who are relatively young.

Instead, in this post I’ll be describing the pragmatic approach that I use in my clinical practice. It is adapted to real-world constraints, meaning it can be used in a primary care setting. (Although like many aspects of geriatrics, it’s challenging to fit this into a 15 minute visit.)

Does this older person have dementia, such as Alzheimer’s disease? To understand how I go about answering the question, let’s start by reviewing the basics of what it means to have dementia.

5 Key Features of Dementia

A person having dementia means that all five of the following statements are true:

[Read more…]

Hospital Delirium: What to know & do

by Leslie Kernisan, MD MPH

“How should delirium be managed in the hospital?”

This question came up during a Q & A session, as we were discussing the Choosing Wisely recommendation to avoid tying down older adults who become confused during a hospitalization.

Delirium is a common and very important problem for all older adults in the hospital. It doesn’t just happen to people with Alzheimer’s or a dementia diagnosis. (And, it’s not the same thing.)

But many family caregivers have hardly heard of hospital delirium. This is too bad, since there’s a lot that family caregivers can do to prevent this serious complication, or at least prevent an older loved one from being physically restrained if delirium does occur.

In this post, I’ll review what older adults and families absolutely should know about hospital delirium. And, we’ll cover some of the things you can do if it happens to your loved one.

[Read more…]

Essential Parts of Medicare: The ABCDs to Know & Tips for Open Enrollment

by Michelle Allen, LCSW

Every year, Medicare has an open enrollment period: October 15 – December 7.

During this time, Medicare beneficiaries can do the following:

Switch from Original Medicare to Medicare Advantage, or vice versa;
Switch from one Medicare Advantage plan to another;
Change Medicare Part D (prescription drug) plan; or
Enroll in a Medicare Part D (a late enrollment penalty may apply).

Medicare health and drug plans can and do make changes each year—things raising premiums, changing benefits, and changing what providers and pharmacies are in their networks. That’s why it’s important for Medicare beneficiaries to review their current plans, options, and needs for the next year.

For FREE help identifying your best Medicare coverage options, Dr. K recommends calling Chapter Medicare Advisory at 771-224-0630, or visit askchapter.org/betterhealth.

Before you can start deciding if and what to change about your Medicare benefits, you have to understand the basics of Medicare.

In this article, I’ll review the basics of Medicare Parts A, B, C (also known as Medicare Advantage) and D. Then, I’ll share some tips on navigating the Medicare Open Enrollment period and how to get help, if you’re considering making a switch or if you need help affording the Medicare premiums.

You can also watch this video, in which Dr. K and I explain what’s most important during Medicare Open Enrollment. (We also share a review of Chapter Medicare Advisory, and explain how it works.)

[Read more…]

Preventing Falls: 10 Types of Medications to Review if You’re Concerned About Falling

by Leslie Kernisan, MD MPH

Have you been concerned about falls for yourself, or for an aging parent?

If so, do you know if any of your medications might be increasing your risk for falls?

In its Stay Independent brochure, the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) recommends older adults do the following four things to prevent falls:

Ask your doctor or pharmacist to review your medicines.
Begin an exercise program to improve leg strength and balance.
Get annual eye check-ups and update your glasses.
Make your home safer.

In this article, we’ll focus on medications for three reasons:

Medications are among the most common causes of increased fall risk in older people.
Medications are usually among the easiest risk factors to change, when it comes to falls in older adults.
Medication-based risks are often missed by busy regular doctors. Older adults and family caregivers can make a big difference by being proactive in this area.

I want you to understand just what types of medications you and your doctors should be looking for, when you address medication review as part of fall prevention. This article will also explain exactly what to do, once you’ve identified any medications that are associated with falls.

[Read more…]

Four great gift ideas for older adults:

5 Key Features of Dementia

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